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Richard Lower (surgeon)
Astrology Data, Zodiac Sign, Natal Birth Chart, Kundli, and Horoscope
RL
Birth Name:
Richard Lower (surgeon)
Male
Birth Date:
Thu, Aug 15, 1929
Time of Birth:
Unknown (using Noon)
Place of Birth:
Detroit, Michigan, United States
Age:
94
Zodiac Sign:
Leo
Astrology Data:
Sun
About Richard Lower (surgeon)
Richard Rowland Lower (August 15, 1929 – May 17, 2008) was an American pioneer of cardiac surgery, particularly in the field of heart transplantation. Lower was born in Detroit, attended Amherst College, and received his medical degree from Cornell University in 1955. Lower and Norman Shumway developed many of the techniques required to conduct successful heart transplantation, including the use of hypothermia and the orthotopic technique, which became the standard technique for cardiac transplantation. Lower and Shumway conducted their research (using dogs, initially) at Stanford. Lower left Stanford to head the cardiac program at the Medical College of Virginia, and competed with Shumway, Adrian Kantrowitz, and Christiaan Barnard to conduct the first successful human heart transplant. While the Americans (Lower, Shumway, and Kantrowitz) made preparations to conduct the first successful transplant, they were delayed due to disagreements over the differences between cardiac death versus brain death. While a solution was being found to those questions, Barnard (who used Shumway and Lower's research) conducted the first successful (i.e. not resulting in immediate death) human transplantation in South Africa on December 3, 1967. Adrian Kantrowitz subsequently also conducted a transplant in New York City on December 6, 1967. Shumway performed his first human transplantation on January 6, 1968. Lower performed his first successful human transplantation in May of that same year.
Birth Chart and Planetary Positions of Richard Lower (surgeon)
Astrological portrait of Richard Lower (surgeon)
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Astrological aspects and planetary data / tags for Richard Lower (surgeon): Sun 22 Leo, Moon 0 Capricorn, Mercury 7 Virgo, Venus 11 Cancer, Mars 26 Virgo, Jupiter 12 Gemini, Saturn 24 Sagittarius, Uranus 11 Aries, Neptune 0 Virgo, Pluto 18 Cancer, Sun Trine Saturn, Mercury Conjunct Neptune, Venus Semi Sextile Jupiter, Venus Square Uranus, Mars Square Saturn, Jupiter Sextile Uranus
Categories related to Richard Lower (surgeon): August 15 births, 2008 deaths, American surgeons, 20th-century surgeons, 20th-century American educators, Amherst College alumni, Stanford University School of Medicine faculty, People from the San Francisco Bay Area, Physicians from Detroit, Weill Cornell Medical College alumni, 1929 births
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